Nitrogen is basically the non-metal which belongs to Group 15 and 2nd period. Nitrogen is the element that has electronegativity less than Florine and oxygen. Basically, electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract the shared pair of electrons. Nitrogen is considered an electronegative species that has a lone pair on it. In order to explain the chemistry of nitrogen it is must to elaborate what is nitrogen?
Nitrogen is a species that is pentavalent and is the lightest non-metal of group 15 so it is also called pnictogens. It is also an abundant gas in the earth’s atmosphere approximately 79%. Some justification suggests that Nitrogen in the liquid form act as an active cooling agent in the refrigerator. In biological research, Nitrogen is an active participant in the nitrogen cycle.
History of Nitrogen
First of all an Egyptian scientist discover Nitrogen when he heat the mixture of salt, urine, and dung. It has discovered in the form of sal ammonia which is actually an ammonium chloride Then Henry Canvendish and Joseph Priestley discover it in 1760 when performed an experiment. He removes oxygen from the air. The remaining constituent obtain is nitrogen of at least about 80%. And in last, in 1772, a young chemist, student Daniel Rutherford discovered nitrogen.
Basic Facts about Chemistry of Nitrogen
Chemistry of Nitrogen:
Periodic Properties:
Bond Enthalpies, Oxidation states:
Uses and Applications:
- Nitrogen is important in the manufacturing of many chemicals, fertilizers, paints, and dyes.
- It is an essential component in the manufacturing of ammonia by Haber’s process.
- Nitrogen is an essential component in the formation of an unreacted atmosphere.
- Detectors used in the process of spectrophotometry are transistors doped by nitrogen.
- A large quantity of nitrogen use in the annealing process. Annealing is a process of heating that makes the steel easier to work.
Compounds of Nitrogen:
Nitrogen in Liquid Form (Liquid Nitrogen):
How cold is liquid nitrogen?
Facts About the Subatomic Particles present in Nitrogen